What scale should the model be?
When planning an architectural model the first and most important step is to establish what scale you are going to use. This decision is affected by two things; how big an area you need to model and how much detail you need to show. Being able to understand scales will enable you to work out practical, achievable options for your particular project.
Scales are actually very simple. 1:1 scale (“one to one”) would be a life-size model. 1:10 scale (“one to ten”) would be one tenth of actual size. 1:100 would be one hundredth of actual size, and so on. The larger the scale indicator number, the smaller the model, which means less detail can be shown.
Another useful way to think about scales is to work out how many millimetres represents one metre at the particular scale you’re considering. We do this by dividing 1000 by the scale indicator number. For example, for 1:200 scale, divide 1000 by 200 and you get the answer 5. Which tells you that one metre will be represented by 5mm on the architectural model. So if you had a square site 100m x 100m, the model would be (100 x 5mm) 500mm square.
For particularly large sites you will need to use a much smaller scale, say, 1:1000. At this scale the architectural model will be one thousandth of the actual size. To work out how many millimetres will represent a metre we redo the sum we did above, 1000 divided by the scale indicator number (in this case also 1000). The answer is obviously 1, meaning that one metre on site will be represented by 1 millimetre on the architectural model. A square site 1000 metres x 1000 metres would therefore be 1000 millimetres square as a 1:1000 scale architectural model.
The chart shows how many millimetres represent a metre at various commonly used scales.
| Scale | mm equivalent to 1 metre |
|---|
| 1:50 | 20 mm |
| 1:100 | 10 mm |
| 1:150 | 6.66 mm |
| 1:200 | 5 mm |
| 1:500 | 2 mm |
| 1:1000 | 1 mm |
| 1:2000 | 0.5 mm |
The image illustrates the relative sizes of a 2 storey building at various common scales.